NPS vs OPS: Naye Joiners Ke Liye Pension System Ka Simple Explainer

Aaj kal govt employee union protests me aapne 'OPS bahal karo' ka nara suna hoga. Ek naye candidate ke roop me aapko pata hona chahiye ki NPS (National Pension System) aur OPS (Old Pension Scheme) me kya difference hai, kyunki 2004 ke baad join karne wale sabhi central aur most state govt employees ko NPS me rakha gaya hai. Jab aapki pehli salary aayegi, to usme sabse bada deduction PRAN account (NPS) ke liye hi hoga. Aaiye ise simple financial terms me samajhte hain.

1. OPS (Old Pension Scheme) Ka Model

• ▸Contribution: Employee ki salary se pension ke liye koi paisa nahi katta tha (No deduction).
• ▸Benefit: Retirement ke time jo aakhiri Basic Salary thi, uska exactly 50% har mahine fix pension ke roop me milta tha.
• ▸Risk: Pura paisa aur risk sarkari khazane par hota tha. Ye guarantee thi.

2. NPS (National Pension System) Ka Model

Contribution: Employee ki salary se (Basic + DA) ka 10% har mahine cut hota hai. Usme sarkar apni taraf se 14% add karti hai aur ye paisa market/bonds me invest hota hai.

Benefit: Retirement par is jama fund ka 60% paisa aapko ek sath (lump sum) mil jata hai. Bache hue 40% paise se ek annuity (policy) kharidni hoti hai, jisse aapko monthly pension milti hai.

3. Main Dispute Kya Hai?

• ▸NPS me pension ka amount market returns par depend karta hai, isliye isme fix amount ki guarantee (OPS jaisi 50%) nahi hoti.
• ▸NPS me DA (Dearness Allowance) badhne par monthly pension automatically nahi badhti (OPS me pension inflation ke sath badhti thi).
• ▸Note: Unified Pension Scheme (UPS) jaisi nayi policies bhi aane wali hain jo NPS ki khamiyo ko theek karne ki koshish karengi. Update rahiye!